On August 29, 2022, the Automotive Industry Standards Board of India issued Amendment 2 of the second edition of AIS-156 and AIS-038 (Rev. 2), which will take effect immediately. Important updates are as follows:
1. The manufacturing date should be clearly written/imprinted on the REESS cell, and should reflect the clear manufacturing year and month. Coding rules such as the use of date codes are not accepted.
2. The batteries of REESS need to be tested and approved by the NABL qualification laboratory on IS 16893-Part 2 and Part 3.
3. The cells should be charged and discharged at least 5 times at the current rate of C/3, and the cycle data should be kept at the REESS assembly manufacturer.
4. REESS should have a pressure relief device to avoid internal pressure and gas release when the internal cell is short-circuited.
5. REESS should have at least 4 temperature sensors in the battery pack to measure the cell temperature and react by the battery management system (BMS). The temperature sensor should be put in place to get the real temperature value. If the temperature exceeds 60°C (the temperature limit will be determined according to Indian conditions), the siren should sound an alarm and the BMS should cut off the power if the vehicle is running. Manufacturers should ensure that the thermal management system in the battery does not fail by using an air cooler.
6. For parallel cells and cell strings, REESS should have an active parallel circuit to eliminate circulating current. These power semiconductor devices for interconnecting strings will also act as protection/safety switches, detecting faulty cell strings and isolating them. They will allow current to flow in both directions to charge and discharge the battery pack, and parallel cells and strings of cells will be isolated if a fault is detected. Therefore, the source parallel circuit is a must for the battery pack. Alternatively, a fuse/bond wire can be used to prevent circulating current from flowing through the parallel cells, this preventative device will help isolate faulty cells connected in parallel.
7. It should be ensured that there is sufficient spacing between the cells for effective heat transfer, and the cells should be isolated in the event of thermal runaway in REESS. The cell gap for REESS should be determined based on the type of cell geometry used (cylindrical, prismatic or pocket) and cell capacity.
8. REESS should have additional safety fuses or circuit breakers in addition to the functions available in the battery management system (BMS).
9. Each REESS should have a traceability file containing details of cells, BMS, chargers used as well as serial/batch numbers, charge and discharge data, etc., and maintained by the REESS manufacturer.
10. In the REESS design, the sufficient protection of the battery cells in the case of regenerative braking must be considered.
11. According to IS17387 standard, BMS needs to have data recording function.
12. Each battery pack must be associated with an RFID tag and the BMS should have RF read and write capabilities. Important battery parameters related to history, transaction and safety status should be dynamically entered into RFID tags, which can be used for tracking and debugging in case of damage.
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